Information on the Scope Screen · 频谱屏信息详解

12CHAPTER

频谱屏信息详解

Information on the Scope Screen
本章要点:频谱屏不只是"好看",它同时承担了频率坐标、信号强度、扫描状态与整机状态四类信息的显示。本章把频谱屏上出现的每一项标注逐一中英对照解释,包括显示模式(CENTER / CURSOR / FIX)、扫描速度(SLOW1 ~ FAST3 / STOP)与频率跨度(SPAN nnnkHz),并汇总屏幕顶部与底部的状态图标含义。
EN

The scope screen shows the band spectrum in real time. Along the display edges, the current display mode, the sweep speed and the frequency span are indicated. Learning to read these labels is the first step towards using the scope as a real operating tool rather than a decoration.

频谱屏实时显示波段频谱。在显示区边缘,会标出当前显示模式、扫描速度与频率跨度。学会读懂这些标注,是把频谱屏从"装饰"变成真正操作工具的第一步。

12.1 频谱屏上的标注信息Scope screen information

表 12-1 频谱屏标注对照表Table 12-1 Scope screen labels
屏上标注On-screen label 含义Meaning 读法与用途How to read it
CENTER当前显示模式为中心模式接收频率始终位于屏幕中心,适合监测工作频率周围的活动
CURSOR当前显示模式为光标模式监测 SPAN 设定范围内的频谱;频率(标记)超出上下限时屏幕自动滚动
FIX当前显示模式为固定模式需输入频谱的起始频率;显示范围固定不随接收频率移动
SLOW1扫描速度:慢刷新慢、驻留时间长,弱信号更容易"堆"出来
SLOW2扫描速度介于 SLOW1(慢)与 FAST1(正常)之间弱信号可见性与刷新率的折中
FAST1扫描速度:正常日常使用的默认速度
FAST2扫描速度介于 FAST1(正常)与 FAST3(快)之间快速扫过波段找信号时使用
FAST3扫描速度:快刷新最快,适合快速扫频,但弱信号显示会变淡
STOP暂停 3DSS 显示与瀑布图显示触摸 [STOP] 暂时冻结画面;再触摸一次或选其他速度即解除
SPAN nnnkHz频谱屏的频率跨度(显示范围)数值即当前显示宽度;改 SPAN 后必须重调 D-LEVEL

12.2 噪声基底与信号强度的读法Reading the noise floor and signal strength

EN

The vertical Y axis depicts the signals and their strengths. The continuously present, low-level “grass” along the bottom of the display is the noise floor; anything that rises clearly above it is a signal. The horizontal X axis is the frequency span, and on the 3DSS display the receding Z axis represents time.

Always remember that changing the LEVEL changes only the way the noise floor and signals are drawn — it does not change the actual signal input level.

纵向 Y 轴表示信号及其强度。屏幕底部持续存在的低电平"草地"就是噪声基底;明显高于它的即为信号。横向 X 轴为频率跨度,在 3DSS 显示中,向后延伸的 Z 轴表示时间。

请务必记住:改变 LEVEL 只是改变噪声基底与信号的绘制方式,并不会改变实际的信号输入电平。

EN

Practical reading rule: adjust the LEVEL so that the noise floor is only just visible. Signals that are audible but not yet visible in the colour gradient are at or below the noise floor; signals that stand out clearly are comfortably copyable. A signal that appears as a narrow, sharply peaked shape is usually a carrier or a data tone, while a broader, softer shape is usually an SSB signal.

实用读法:把 LEVEL 调到噪声基底"刚刚可见"的程度。听得见但在色彩渐变中还看不出来的信号,处于噪声基底附近或以下;轮廓清晰的信号则可轻松抄收。呈现窄而尖锐峰形的通常是载波或数据音调,呈现宽而柔和形状的通常是 SSB 信号。

12.3 与频谱相关的菜单项Scope-related menu items

表 12-2 DISPLAY SETTING 菜单中的频谱相关项Table 12-2 Scope-related items in the DISPLAY SETTING menu
菜单项Menu item 可选值Available settings 作用Function
SCOPE RBWHIGH / MID / LOW频谱显示的分辨率带宽(RBW)
SCOPE CTRFILTER / CARRIER频谱中心频率的基准选择
2D DISP SENSITIVITYNORMAL / HI二维(瀑布图)显示的灵敏度
3DSS DISP SENSITIVITYNORMAL / HI3DSS 显示的灵敏度
AVERAGEOFF / 2 / 4 / 8频谱平均次数,用于平滑噪声、凸显稳定信号
VFO IND COLORVMI COLOR VFO:BLUE / GREEN / WHITE / NONE
VMI COLOR MEMORY:BLUE / GREEN / WHITE / NONE
VMI COLOR CLAR:RED / NONE
VFO / 存储 / CLAR 状态指示灯颜色

12.4 屏幕状态图标一览Status icons at a glance

表 12-3 显示屏状态图标Table 12-3 Display status icons
项目英文原名含义
电池状态Battery condition分 3 档显示剩余电量
充电指示Charging正在充电时出现
锁定指示Lock锁定功能启用时出现
天线告警Antenna system error提示天线系统异常的警告显示
语音存储播放Voice memory playing正在播放语音存储内容
语音存储录音Voice memory recording闪烁 → 录音待机;点亮 → 正在录音
FINEFINE Tuning微调(1 Hz 步进)状态
FASTFAST Tuning快速调谐(10 倍步进)状态
Super DXSuper DXSuper DX 功能启用时出现
VOXVOXVOX 功能启用时出现
卫星定位Satellites acquired点亮 → 已捕获卫星;闪烁 → 未能捕获卫星
BluetoothBluetooth功能激活时出现;点亮 → 设备已连接;闪烁 → 设备未连接
MAINMAIN-side iconMAIN 侧指示
SUBSUB-side iconSUB 侧指示
VFOVFO modeVFO 模式
M-ALLAll memory channels调出全部存储信道,不分波段
M-HFHF memory channels仅调出 HF 波段存储信道
50MHz50MHz memory channels仅调出 50MHz 波段存储信道
M-AIRAIR band memory channels仅调出 AIR 波段存储信道
M-VHFVHF memory channels仅调出 VHF 波段存储信道
M-UHFUHF memory channels仅调出 UHF 波段存储信道
M-GRPMemory Group不分波段,可预先注册并作为常用存储信道调出
PROCSpeech Processor语音压缩器功能启用时出现
KEYERBuilt-in electronic keyer内置电子键控器启用时出现
MONIMONITORMONITOR 功能启用时出现
TUNEAutomatic Antenna Tuner内置自动天线调谐器启用时出现,调谐过程中闪烁
BK-INCW Break-inCW 插入(Break-in)功能启用时出现
+ / −Plus / negative shift中继操作时点亮,表示正向或负向频偏
ANT1 / ANT2Selected antenna terminal显示当前所选天线端子(仅 optima)
注意 · 图标只反映状态,不代表设置已生效NOTE TUNE 图标在调谐过程中是闪烁的,等到它停止闪烁、持续点亮,才表示自动天线调谐器已完成匹配并接入。同理,卫星图标闪烁只说明尚未捕获卫星,GPS 相关功能(时间设定、位置信标)此刻不可用,不必反复重启机器,把天线移到开阔处等待即可。 The TUNE icon blinks while tuning is in progress; only when it stops blinking and stays lit has the internal automatic antenna tuner completed the match and been engaged. Likewise, a blinking satellite icon only means satellites have not been acquired — GPS-dependent functions (time setting, position beacon) are unavailable at that moment. There is no need to restart the radio repeatedly; simply move to a location with a clear view of the sky and wait.