7CHAPTER
背部接口
Rear Panel
本章要点：FTX-1 系统由 FTX-1 Field（便携控制头）与 FTX-1 optima（主机）两部分组成，接口分三处：Field 头的侧面板（话筒、耳机、电键、GPS、USB、蓝牙、microSD）、Field 头的背板（天线、电源、接地、外接喇叭、天调/线性放大器），以及 optima 主机的背板（ANT 1/2、144/430 天线、电源、FC-40 天调、外接喇叭、接地）。本章按“接口名称 + 触点定义 + 极性/电平”逐项对照，接线前请务必核对极性与针脚定义。
7.1 FTX-1 Field 头侧面板接口Side-panel Connectors of the FTX-1 Field
PHONE Jack耳机插座
标准 φ3.5 立体声插座。插入耳机插头后，内部扬声器与外接扬声器均会自动断开。触点：GND / AUDIO / AUDIO。A standard φ3.5 stereo jack for headphones. Inserting a headphone plug deactivates the internal and external speakers. Contacts: GND / AUDIO / AUDIO.
KEY Jack电键 / 键桨插座
3.5 mm、3 触点插座，可接 CW 电键（straight key）或电子键桨（keyer paddle）。该插座不能使用两触点（两芯）插头。键抬起（key-up）电压为 +5.0 V DC，按下（keydown）电流为 3 mA。触点标记：KEY / NC / GND（从侧面板方向看）。A 3.5-mm, 3-contact jack that accepts a CW key or a keyer paddle. A two-contact plug cannot be used in this jack. Key-up voltage is +5.0 V DC and key-down current is 3 mA. Contact markings: KEY / NC / GND (as viewed from the side panel).
MIC Jack话筒插座
8 针插座，接受采用传统 YAESU 短波机针脚定义的话筒输入。针脚：FAST / GND / PTT / MIC / MIC GND / +5V / UP / DOWN。An 8-pin jack that accepts input from a microphone utilising the traditional YAESU HF transceiver pinout. Pins: FAST / GND / PTT / MIC / MIC GND / +5V / UP / DOWN.
GPSGPS 天线接口
用于连接选件 GPS 天线单元 "FGPS-5" 的端子。The terminal for connecting the optional GPS antenna unit "FGPS-5".
USB (Type-C)USB Type-C 接口
可为机内锂电池 SBR-52LI 充电（需商用 USB PD 充电器，输出 45 W 以上、兼容 DC 15 V 2 A 输出，并使用支持 PD 的 Type-C 线）；也可用商用 USB 线连接电脑，通过 CAT 指令遥控，并用于音频信号输入输出与发射机控制。从电脑遥控需要安装 USB 驱动，驱动可从 Yaesu 官网下载。Charges the internal lithium-ion battery SBR-52LI using a commercially available USB PD charger (output 45 W or more, DC 15 V 2 A output compatible) and a PD-compatible Type-C cable. Connecting it to a computer with a commercially available USB cable allows remote control by CAT commands, and the jack can also be used for audio input/output and transmitter control. A USB driver, downloadable from the Yaesu website, is required for remote control.
Bluetooth蓝牙单元接口
用于连接选件蓝牙单元 "BU-6" 的端子。The terminal for connecting the optional Bluetooth unit "BU-6".
microSD card slotmicroSD 卡槽
插入商用 micro SD 卡，可备份各项电台设置、存储频道、接收音频录音等。Insert a commercially available micro SD card to back up the various radio settings, memory channels, recordings of received audio, etc.
| 针脚名称Pin name | 说明Description |
|---|---|
| FAST | 话筒 FAST 键信号线 |
| GND | 地 |
| PTT | 发射键控（Push To Talk） |
| MIC | 话筒音频输入 |
| MIC GND | 话筒音频地 |
| +5V | +5 V 供电 |
| UP | 话筒 UP 键信号线 |
| DOWN | 话筒 DOWN 键信号线 |
| 触点Contact | 用途Use |
|---|---|
| KEY | 键控信号输入 |
| NC | 空脚（未连接） |
| GND | 地 |
| DOT / DASH / COMMON | 电子键桨（keyer paddle）接线时使用的触点标记 |
避坑指南PITFALL
[KEY] 插座不能用两触点（两芯）插头——原厂明确写明"A two-contact plug cannot be used in this jack"。拿了普通单声道耳机线或两芯插头去接电键，键控会一直处于按下状态，机器会持续发射。此外 [KEY] 的 key-up 电压为 +5.0 V DC、按下电流 3 mA，自制键控线请按此参数配置。
The [KEY] jack will not accept a two-contact plug — the manual states plainly that a two-contact plug cannot be used in this jack. Using a two-conductor lead leaves the key permanently closed and the radio transmitting. Note also that the key-up voltage is +5.0 V DC with a key-down current of 3 mA when you build your own keying cable.
7.2 FTX-1 Field 头背板接口Rear Panel of the Field Head (FTX-1 Field)
ANT (HF/50MHz)短波 / 50 MHz 天线口
BNC 型同轴接口，用于 HF 频段至 50 MHz 的天线，阻抗 50 欧姆。The BNC-type coaxial connector for HF band to 50 MHz antennas (50 ohms).
ANT (144/430MHz)144 / 430 MHz 天线口
BNC 型同轴接口，用于 144 MHz 频段与 430 MHz 频段天线，阻抗 50 欧姆。The BNC-type coaxial connector for the 144 MHz band and 430 MHz band antennas (50 ohms).
GND接地端子
用于把电台连接到良好的大地接地，兼顾安全与最佳性能。Use this terminal to connect the transceiver to a good earth ground, for safety and optimal performance.
DC 13.8V直流电源输入
电台的直流供电接口。使用随附直流电源线直接连接到直流电源：白黑相间线为正极，纯黑线为负极。The DC power supply connection for the transceiver. Use the supplied DC cable to connect directly to a DC power supply. The white-and-black wire is positive polarity, and the black wire is negative.
EXT SPKR外接扬声器插座
3.5 mm、2 触点插座，提供外接扬声器音频输出；带 SIGNAL GND。This 3.5-mm, 2-contact jack provides audio output for an external loudspeaker; SIGNAL GND is provided.
TUNER/LINEAR天调 / 线性放大器接口
10 针输出插座，用于连接外部自动天线调谐器或线性放大器。端子名称：TX GND、+13.8V OUT、GND、TX D (BAND A)、EXT ALC、TX INH、TX REQ、TRST (BAND D)、EXTS (DET)、BAND C、RX D (BAND B)。使用线性放大器时，请参照表 7-3 的电平定义。This 10-pin output jack is used to connect to an external Automatic Antenna Tuner or a Linear Amplifier. Terminals: TX GND, +13.8V OUT, GND, TX D (BAND A), EXT ALC, TX INH, TX REQ, TRST (BAND D), EXTS (DET), BAND C, RX D (BAND B). Refer to Table 7-3 for the terminal levels when using a linear amplifier.
| 频段Band | A | B | C | D | 频段Band | A | B | C | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 400k | H | L | H | H | 21 | H | H | H | L |
| 1 | L | H | H | H | 24.5 | L | L | L | H |
| 1.8 | H | L | L | L | 28 | H | L | L | H |
| 3.5 | L | H | L | L | 50 | L | H | L | H |
| 5 / 7 | H | H | L | L | 70 | H | H | H | H |
| 10 | L | L | H | H | 144 | H | H | L | H |
| 14 | H | L | H | L | 430 | L | L | H | H |
| 18 | L | H | H | L | – | – | – | – | – |
注意NOTE
Field 头的 [DC 13.8V] 请务必使用随附直流电源线，并确认极性：白黑相间线接正极、纯黑线接负极。接反会损坏电台，且不在保修范围内。
Always use the supplied DC cable on the Field head's [DC 13.8V] input and confirm the polarity: the white-and-black wire is positive and the black wire is negative. Reversed polarity will damage the radio and is not covered by warranty.
7.3 FTX-1 optima 主机背板接口Rear Panel of the Main Body (FTX-1 optima)
ANT 1 / 2 (HF/50MHz)短波 / 50 MHz 双天线口
M 型同轴接口，用于连接 HF 频段与 50 MHz 频段天线，阻抗 50 欧姆。可在菜单中选用 ANT 1 或 ANT 2。M-type coaxial connectors to connect HF band and 50 MHz band antennas (50 ohms). Select ANT 1 or ANT 2 from the menu.
ANT (144/430MHz)144 / 430 MHz 天线口
M 型同轴接口，用于 144 MHz 频段与 430 MHz 频段天线，阻抗 50 欧姆。The M-type coaxial connector for the 144 MHz band and 430 MHz band antennas (50 ohms).
DC 13.8V直流电源输入
电台的直流供电接口。使用随附直流电源线直接连接直流电源，电源必须能够提供至少 25 A @13.8 VDC。The DC power supply connection for the transceiver. Use the supplied DC cable to connect directly to a DC power supply, which must be capable of supplying at least 25 A @13.8 VDC.
TUNER外部天调接口
用于连接选件外部天线调谐器 "FC-40"。端子：RESET、TX INH、N.C、RX D、TX D、TX GND、+13V OUT、GND。Connect the optional external antenna tuner "FC-40". Terminals: RESET, TX INH, N.C, RX D, TX D, TX GND, +13V OUT, GND.
EXT SPKR外接扬声器插座
3.5 mm、2 触点插座，提供外接扬声器音频输出；该插座的阻抗为 4~8 欧姆。This 3.5-mm, 2-contact jack provides audio output for an external loudspeaker. The impedance at the jack is 4-8 Ohms.
GND接地端子
用于把电台连接到良好的大地接地，兼顾安全与最佳性能。Use this terminal to connect the transceiver to a good earth ground, for safety and optimal performance.
| 端子Terminal | 说明Description |
|---|---|
| RESET | 天调复位信号 |
| TX INH | 发射禁止输入（TX Inhibit） |
| N.C | 空脚（未连接） |
| RX D | 接收数据线 |
| TX D | 发射数据线 |
| TX GND | 发射机的发射控制地 |
| +13V OUT | +13 V 输出 |
| GND | 地 |
避坑指南PITFALL
optima 主机的 [DC 13.8V] 不是“随便找个电源就能用”：原厂要求电源能提供至少 25 A @13.8 VDC。用常见的 5 A 小开关电源会在大功率发射瞬间电压塌陷，表现为功率上不去、屏幕闪、甚至重启。野外用电池时同样要确认电池与线径能承受峰值电流。
The [DC 13.8V] input on the optima main body is not a "any PSU will do" input: the manual requires a supply capable of at least 25 A @13.8 VDC. A small 5 A switching supply will sag on transmit peaks — power output drops, the screen flickers, or the radio restarts. The same applies to field batteries: make sure the battery and wiring can take the peak current.
技术提示TIP
Field 头的 USB Type-C 口是野外最实用的一个口：接一个 45 W 以上、支持 DC 15 V 2 A 输出的 USB PD 充电器就能给机内 SBR-52LI 锂电池充电，同一根线接电脑还能走 CAT 遥控。出发前把充电宝的 PD 档位确认清楚（必须是 15 V 2 A 档），否则充不进电。（社区经验）
The USB Type-C port on the Field head is the most useful port in the field: a USB PD charger rated 45 W or more and compatible with DC 15 V 2 A output will charge the internal SBR-52LI pack, and the same cable to a computer gives you CAT control. Check the PD profile of your power bank before you leave — 15 V 2 A is required, otherwise charging will not start. (community-reported)
7.3.1 Field 头与 optima 主机接口对照Connector Comparison: Field Head vs. optima
| 接口 | FTX-1 Field（控制头） | FTX-1 optima（主机） |
|---|---|---|
| HF/50 MHz 天线 | ANT (HF/50MHz)，BNC 型，50 欧姆 | ANT 1 / ANT 2 (HF/50MHz)，M 型，50 欧姆 |
| 144/430 MHz 天线 | ANT (144/430MHz)，BNC 型，50 欧姆 | ANT (144/430MHz)，M 型，50 欧姆 |
| 直流电源 | DC 13.8V，随附直流线（白黑相间为正极） | DC 13.8V，需电源可提供至少 25 A @13.8 VDC |
| 外接扬声器 | EXT SPKR，3.5 mm、2 触点 | EXT SPKR，3.5 mm、2 触点，插座阻抗 4~8 欧姆 |
| 天调 / 放大器 | TUNER/LINEAR，10 针，含 BAND A~D 频段数据 | TUNER，接选件 FC-40 |
| 接地 | GND 端子 | GND 端子 |
| 话筒 / 耳机 / 电键 | 侧面板：PHONE、KEY、MIC（8 针）、GPS、USB Type-C、Bluetooth、microSD | 本项目该侧接口位于 Field 头，主机背板不重复提供 |
7.4 接地Grounding
EN
To prevent damage from lightning, atmospheric electrical discharges, electric shock etc., provide a good earth ground. Use a short, thick, braided cable to connect the station equipment to the buried ground rod (or alternative earth ground system).
为防止雷击、大气放电、触电等造成损坏，必须设置良好的大地接地。请使用短而粗的编织线，把电台设备连接到埋地接地棒（或其他接地系统）。
注意NOTE
FTX-1 Field 与 optima 主机各自都有 GND 端子。使用分体配置时，两台设备的接地应汇接到同一接地点，避免形成接地回路。
Both the FTX-1 Field and the optima main body provide their own GND terminal. When used as separate units, bond both to the same earth point to avoid a ground loop.
HAM 实战 · 技术提示FIELD NOTE
接了外接线性放大器或 FC-40 天调时，最容易被忽略的是“信号地”：Field 头的 [EXT SPKR] 插座带 SIGNAL GND，接外部设备时把这根地线一起接好，可以明显降低射频反馈引起的啸叫与键控乱跳。（社区经验）
When you connect a linear amplifier or an FC-40 tuner, the signal ground is the item most often forgotten: the [EXT SPKR] jack on the Field head carries SIGNAL GND, and bonding that line to the external equipment noticeably reduces RF-feedback howl and erratic keying. (community-reported)