E1F04. Which of the following geographic descriptions approximately describes "Line A"?
下列哪个地理描述大致对应“A 线（Line A）”？
A line roughly parallel to and south of the border between the US and Canada大致平行且位于美加边界以南的一条线
A line roughly parallel to and west of the US Atlantic coastline大致平行且位于美国大西洋海岸以西
A line roughly parallel to and north of the border between the US and Mexico大致平行且位于美墨边界以北
A line roughly parallel to and east of the US Pacific coastline大致平行且位于美国太平洋海岸以东
Explanation · 解析
Line A 位于美加边境以南，界定北部边界附近某些频段限制（97.3）。
Exam tips · 考试提示
• 实际应用：美加边境附近 420–450 MHz 等段受限。• 易错点：混淆 Line A/B 与南北边界。
E1F05. Amateur stations may not transmit in which of the following frequency segments if they are located in the contiguous 48 states and north of Line A?
若台站位于美国本土 48 州且 A 线以北，不得在哪个频段发射？
440 MHz - 450 MHz440–450 MHz
53 MHz - 54 MHz53–54 MHz
222 MHz - 223 MHz222–223 MHz
420 MHz - 430 MHz420–430 MHz
Explanation · 解析
A 线以北禁止 420–430 MHz 发射（防止对加拿大/卫星干扰）（97.303）。
Exam tips · 考试提示
• 实际应用：美加边境南侧的 420–430 MHz 上行段禁用。• 易错点：与 430–450 MHz（允许）混淆。
E1F06. Under what circumstances might the FCC issue a Special Temporary Authority (STA) to an amateur station?
何种情形下 FCC 可能向业余台签发特别临时授权（STA）？
To provide for experimental amateur communications为实验性业余通信提供
To allow use of a special event call sign允许使用特别事件呼号
To allow a VE group with less than three VEs to administer examinations in a remote, sparsely populated area允许不足三名 VE 的组在偏远地区主持考试
To allow a licensee who has passed an upgrade exam to operate with upgraded privileges while waiting for posting on the FCC database允许通过升级考试者等待 FCC 数据库更新期间以升级权限操作
Explanation · 解析
STA 可用于实验性业余通信等临时目的（1.931）。
Exam tips · 考试提示
• 中国对应：中国有临时频率/试验设台审批。• 实际应用：特殊实验可申 STA。
E1F07. When may an amateur station send a message to a business?
业余台何时可向企业发送报文？
When the pecuniary interest of the amateur or his or her employer is less than $25业余者或其雇主金钱利益 <25 美元
When the pecuniary interest of the amateur or his or her employer is less than $50<50 美元
At no time任何时候都不行
When neither the amateur nor their employer has a pecuniary interest in the communications当业余者及其雇主在通信中均无金钱利益时
Explanation · 解析
仅当通信双方均无金钱利益时可发（97.113）；有商业利益则禁。
Exam tips · 考试提示
• 中国对应：中国严禁利用业余电台从事商业活动。• 易错点：误设金额门槛（实际为“无金钱利益”）。• 实际应用：应急/公益通信可，商业接单不可。
E1F08. Which of the following types of amateur station communications are prohibited?
下列哪些业余台通信被禁止？
Communications transmitted for hire or material compensation, except as otherwise provided in the rules为报酬或物质补偿而发的通信（规则另有的除外）
Communications that have political content, except as allowed by the Fairness Doctrine含政治内容者（公平原则允许者除外）
Communications that have religious content含宗教内容者
Communications in a language other than English非英文者
Explanation · 解析
为报酬/物质补偿的通信被禁止（97.113），宗教、政治、非英文不禁止。
Exam tips · 考试提示
• 中国对应：中国同样禁止利用业余电台牟利。• 易错点：误以为宗教/外语内容受限。
E1F09. Which of the following cannot be transmitted over an amateur radio mesh network?
下列哪项不能经业余无线电网状网络传输？
Third party traffic第三方通信
Email电子邮件
Messages encoded to obscure their meaning为掩盖含义而编码的报文
All these choices are correct以上都对
Explanation · 解析
不得传输为掩盖含义而编码的信息（97.113(a)(4)）；网状网络可载第三方/邮件但不得加密隐藏。
Exam tips · 考试提示
• 易错点：网状网络≠可加密；仅掩义编码被禁。• 实际应用：业余数据可用公开协议，不可密文掩义。
E1F10. Who may be the control operator of an auxiliary station?
谁可以是辅助台（auxiliary station）的控制操作员？
Any licensed amateur operator任何持证业余操作员
Only Technician, General, Advanced, or Amateur Extra class operators仅 Technician/General/Advanced/Extra 级
Only General, Advanced, or Amateur Extra class operators仅 General/Advanced/Extra 级
Only Amateur Extra class operators仅 Extra 级
Explanation · 解析
辅助台控员须 Technician 及以上（97.201），含全部等级。
Exam tips · 考试提示
• 实际应用：辅助台（如中继链路）控员门槛较低。• 易错点：误以为需高级别。
E1F11. Which of the following best describes one of the standards that must be met by an external RF power amplifier if it is to qualify for a grant of FCC certification?
外置 RF 功放要获 FCC 认证，下列哪项标准须满足？
It must produce full legal output when driven by not more than 5 watts of mean RF input power10 W 以下驱动即满功率输出
It must have received an Underwriters Laboratory certification for electrical safety as well as having met IEEE standard 14.101(B)须有 UL 安全认证并符合 IEEE 14.101(B)
It must exhibit a gain of less than 23 dB when driven by 10 watts or less10 W 以下驱动增益 <23 dB
It must satisfy the FCC’s spurious emission standards when operated at the lesser of 1500 watts or its full output power在 1500 W 与其满输出两者中较小者工作时满足 FCC 杂散发射标准
Explanation · 解析
认证功放须在满输出（或 1500 W 取小）下满足杂散发射标准（97.317）。
Exam tips · 考试提示
• 中国对应：中国功放须型号核准、杂散达标。• 实际应用：购功放看是否 FCC/型号核准。• 易错点：杂散测试在满功率下进行。
E2A01. What is the direction of an ascending pass for an amateur satellite?
业余卫星的“升段经过（ascending pass）”方向是怎样的？
From west to east由西向东
From east to west由东向西
From south to north由南向北
From north to south由北向南
Explanation · 解析
升段（ascending pass）指卫星轨道由南半球穿赤道进入北半球（纬度增大）的飞行段，即由南向北；降段（descending）则相反。这是基于轨道倾角与升交点的几何定义。
Exam tips · 考试提示
• 中国对应：中国 HAM 常用卫星（如 CAS-9、LilacSat-2 等）同样按升/降段预测可通联窗口。• 实际应用：结合轨道跟踪软件（如 GPredict/Orbitron）输入开普勒根数，提前判断本地经过方向与时间。
E2A02. Which of the following is characteristic of an inverting linear transponder?
以下关于“倒相线性转发器（inverting linear transponder）”的描述中，哪一项是正确的？
Doppler shift is reduced because the uplink and downlink shifts are in opposite directions多普勒频移减小，因为上行与下行的频移方向相反
Signal position in the band is reversed信号在波段中的位置被反转
Upper sideband on the uplink becomes lower sideband on the downlink, and vice versa上行中的上边带在下行中变为下边带，反之亦然
All these choices are correct以上选项都正确
Explanation · 解析
倒相线性转发器以本振混频取差频，使下行频率相对上行呈镜像（边带倒置、整个波段在下行中反向排列），且上行/下行的多普勒频移方向相反，可部分抵消。
Exam tips · 考试提示
• 中国对应：中国 HAM 使用带倒相转发器的卫星（如部分FOX/LO 系列）时，须按镜像关系换算上行/下行频率。• 易错点：误以为上下行频率一一对应；实际需在波段内做频率映射（频率倒置）。