背部接口 7 CHAPTER Rear Panel
本章要点:FTX-1 系统由 FTX-1 Field(便携控制头)与 FTX-1 optima(主机)两部分组成,接口分三处:Field 头的侧面板(话 筒、耳机、电键、GPS、USB、蓝牙、microSD)、Field 头的背板(天线、电源、接地、外接喇叭、天调/线性放大器),以及 optima 主机的背板(ANT 1/2、144/430 天线、电源、FC-40 天调、外接喇叭、接地)。本章按“接口名称 + 触点定义 + 极性/ 电平”逐项对照,接线前请务必核对极性与针脚定义。
7-1 Side-panel Connectors of the FTX-1 Field · FTX-1 Field 头侧面板接口
PHONE Jack 标准 φ3.5 立体声插座。插入耳机插头后,内部扬声器与外接扬声器均会自动断开。触点:GND / 耳机插座 AUDIO / AUDIO。 A standard φ3.5 stereo jack for headphones. Inserting a headphone plug deactivates the internal and external speakers. Contacts: GND / AUDIO / AUDIO.
KEY Jack 3.5 mm、3 触点插座,可接 CW 电键(straight key)或电子键桨(keyer paddle)。该插座不能使用 电键 / 键桨插座 两触点(两芯)插头。键抬起(key-up)电压为 +5.0 V DC,按下(keydown)电流为 3 mA。触点标 记:KEY / NC / GND(从侧面板方向看)。 A 3.5-mm, 3-contact jack that accepts a CW key or a keyer paddle. A two-contact plug cannot be used in this jack. Key-up voltage is +5.0 V DC and key-down current is 3 mA. Contact markings: KEY / NC / GND (as viewed from the side panel).
MIC Jack 8 针插座,接受采用传统 YAESU 短波机针脚定义的话筒输入。针脚:FAST / GND / PTT / MIC / MIC 话筒插座 GND / +5V / UP / DOWN。 An 8-pin jack that accepts input from a microphone utilising the traditional YAESU HF transceiver pinout. Pins: FAST / GND / PTT / MIC / MIC GND / +5V / UP / DOWN.
GPS 用于连接选件 GPS 天线单元 "FGPS-5" 的端子。 GPS 天线接口 The terminal for connecting the optional GPS antenna unit "FGPS-5".
USB (Type-C) 可为机内锂电池 SBR-52LI 充电(需商用 USB PD 充电器,输出 45 W 以上、兼容 DC 15 V 2 A 输出, USB Type-C 接口 并使用支持 PD 的 Type-C 线);也可用商用 USB 线连接电脑,通过 CAT 指令遥控,并用于音频信号 输入输出与发射机控制。从电脑遥控需要安装 USB 驱动,驱动可从 Yaesu 官网下载。 Charges the internal lithium-ion battery SBR-52LI using a commercially available USB PD charger (output 45 W or more, DC 15 V 2 A output compatible) and a PD-compatible Type-C cable. Connecting it to a computer with a commercially available USB cable allows remote control by CAT commands, and the jack can also be used for audio input/output and transmitter control. A USB driver, downloadable from the Yaesu website, is required for remote control.
Bluetooth 用于连接选件蓝牙单元 "BU-6" 的端子。 蓝牙单元接口 The terminal for connecting the optional Bluetooth unit "BU-6".
microSD card slot 插入商用 micro SD 卡,可备份各项电台设置、存储频道、接收音频录音等。 microSD 卡槽 Insert a commercially available micro SD card to back up the various radio settings, memory channels, recordings of received audio, etc.
表 7-1 话筒(MIC)8 针插座针脚定义 Table 7-1 MIC 8-pin jack pinout
针脚名称 说明 Pin name Description
FAST 话筒 FAST 键信号线
GND 地
PTT 发射键控(Push To Talk)
MIC 话筒音频输入
MIC GND 话筒音频地
+5V +5 V 供电
UP 话筒 UP 键信号线
DOWN 话筒 DOWN 键信号线
表 7-2 电键(KEY)插座触点与接线 Table 7-2 KEY jack contacts and wiring
触点 用途 Contact Use
KEY 键控信号输入
NC 空脚(未连接)
GND 地
DOT / DASH / COMMON 电子键桨(keyer paddle)接线时使用的触点标记
避坑指南 PITFALL
[KEY] 插座不能用两触点(两芯)插头——原厂明确写明"A two-contact plug cannot be used in this jack"。拿了普通单声 道耳机线或两芯插头去接电键,键控会一直处于按下状态,机器会持续发射。此外 [KEY] 的 key-up 电压为 +5.0 V DC、按下 电流 3 mA,自制键控线请按此参数配置。 The [KEY] jack will not accept a two-contact plug — the manual states plainly that a two-contact plug cannot be used in this jack. Using a two-conductor lead leaves the key permanently closed and the radio transmitting. Note also that the key-up voltage is +5.0 V DC with a key-down current of 3 mA when you build your own keying cable.
7-2 Rear Panel of the Field Head (FTX-1 Field) · FTX-1 Field 头背板接口
ANT (HF/50MHz) BNC 型同轴接口,用于 HF 频段至 50 MHz 的天线,阻抗 50 欧姆。 短波 / 50 MHz 天线口 The BNC-type coaxial connector for HF band to 50 MHz antennas (50 ohms).
ANT (144/430MHz) BNC 型同轴接口,用于 144 MHz 频段与 430 MHz 频段天线,阻抗 50 欧姆。 144 / 430 MHz 天线 The BNC-type coaxial connector for the 144 MHz band and 430 MHz band antennas (50 ohms). 口
GND 用于把电台连接到良好的大地接地,兼顾安全与最佳性能。 接地端子 Use this terminal to connect the transceiver to a good earth ground, for safety and optimal performance.
DC 13.8V 电台的直流供电接口。使用随附直流电源线直接连接到直流电源:白黑相间线为正极,纯黑线为负极。 直流电源输入 The DC power supply connection for the transceiver. Use the supplied DC cable to connect directly to a DC power supply. The white-and-black wire is positive polarity, and the black wire is negative.
EXT SPKR 3.5 mm、2 触点插座,提供外接扬声器音频输出;带 SIGNAL GND。 外接扬声器插座 This 3.5-mm, 2-contact jack provides audio output for an external loudspeaker; SIGNAL GND is provided.
TUNER/LINEAR 10 针输出插座,用于连接外部自动天线调谐器或线性放大器。端子名称:TX GND、+13.8V OUT、 天调 / 线性放大器接口 GND、TX D (BAND A)、EXT ALC、TX INH、TX REQ、TRST (BAND D)、EXTS (DET)、BAND C、 RX D (BAND B)。使用线性放大器时,请参照表 7-3 的电平定义。 This 10-pin output jack is used to connect to an external Automatic Antenna Tuner or a Linear Amplifier. Terminals: TX GND, +13.8V OUT, GND, TX D (BAND A), EXT ALC, TX INH, TX REQ, TRST (BAND D), EXTS (DET), BAND C, RX D (BAND B). Refer to Table 7-3 for the terminal levels when using a linear amplifier.
表 7-3 TUNER/LINEAR 端子的频段数据电平(H = 高电平,L = 低电平) Table 7-3 TUNER/LINEAR band-data levels (H = high, L = low)
频段Band A B C D 频段Band A B C D
400k H L H H 21 H H H L
1 L H H H 24.5 L L L H
1.8 H L L L 28 H L L H
3.5 L H L L 50 L H L H
5/7 H H L L 70 H H H H
10 L L H H 144 H H L H
14 H L H L 430 L L H H
18 L H H L – – – – –
注意 NOTE
Field 头的 [DC 13.8V] 请务必使用随附直流电源线,并确认极性:白黑相间线接正极、纯黑线接负极。接反会损坏电台,且不 在保修范围内。 Always use the supplied DC cable on the Field head's [DC 13.8V] input and confirm the polarity: the white-and-black wire is positive and the black wire is negative. Reversed polarity will damage the radio and is not covered by warranty.
7-3 Rear Panel of the Main Body (FTX-1 optima) · FTX-1 optima 主机背板接口
ANT 1 / 2 M 型同轴接口,用于连接 HF 频段与 50 MHz 频段天线,阻抗 50 欧姆。可在菜单中选用 ANT 1 或 (HF/50MHz) ANT 2。 短波 / 50 MHz 双天线 M-type coaxial connectors to connect HF band and 50 MHz band antennas (50 ohms). Select ANT 1 or ANT 2 口 from the menu.
ANT (144/430MHz) M 型同轴接口,用于 144 MHz 频段与 430 MHz 频段天线,阻抗 50 欧姆。 144 / 430 MHz 天线 The M-type coaxial connector for the 144 MHz band and 430 MHz band antennas (50 ohms). 口
DC 13.8V 电台的直流供电接口。使用随附直流电源线直接连接直流电源,电源必须能够提供至少 25 A @13.8 直流电源输入 VDC。 The DC power supply connection for the transceiver. Use the supplied DC cable to connect directly to a DC power supply, which must be capable of supplying at least 25 A @13.8 VDC.
TUNER 用于连接选件外部天线调谐器 "FC-40"。端子:RESET、TX INH、N.C、RX D、TX D、TX GND、 外部天调接口 +13V OUT、GND。 Connect the optional external antenna tuner "FC-40". Terminals: RESET, TX INH, N.C, RX D, TX D, TX GND, +13V OUT, GND.
EXT SPKR 3.5 mm、2 触点插座,提供外接扬声器音频输出;该插座的阻抗为 4~8 欧姆。 外接扬声器插座 This 3.5-mm, 2-contact jack provides audio output for an external loudspeaker. The impedance at the jack is 4- 8 Ohms.
GND 用于把电台连接到良好的大地接地,兼顾安全与最佳性能。 接地端子 Use this terminal to connect the transceiver to a good earth ground, for safety and optimal performance.
表 7-4 optima 主机 TUNER 接口端子 Table 7-4 TUNER connector terminals on the optima main body
端子 说明 Terminal Description
RESET 天调复位信号
TX INH 发射禁止输入(TX Inhibit)
N.C 空脚(未连接)
RX D 接收数据线
TX D 发射数据线
TX GND 发射机的发射控制地
+13V OUT +13 V 输出
GND 地
避坑指南 PITFALL
optima 主机的 [DC 13.8V] 不是“随便找个电源就能用”:原厂要求电源能提供至少 25 A @13.8 VDC。用常见的 5 A 小开 关电源会在大功率发射瞬间电压塌陷,表现为功率上不去、屏幕闪、甚至重启。野外用电池时同样要确认电池与线径能承受峰 值电流。 The [DC 13.8V] input on the optima main body is not a "any PSU will do" input: the manual requires a supply capable of at least 25 A @13.8 VDC. A small 5 A switching supply will sag on transmit peaks — power output drops, the screen flickers, or the radio restarts. The same applies to field batteries: make sure the battery and wiring can take the peak current.
技术提示 TIP
Field 头的 USB Type-C 口是野外最实用的一个口:接一个 45 W 以上、支持 DC 15 V 2 A 输出的 USB PD 充电器就能给机内 SBR-52LI 锂电池充电,同一根线接电脑还能走 CAT 遥控。出发前把充电宝的 PD 档位确认清楚(必须是 15 V 2 A 档),否 则充不进电。(社区经验) The USB Type-C port on the Field head is the most useful port in the field: a USB PD charger rated 45 W or more and compatible with DC 15 V 2 A output will charge the internal SBR-52LI pack, and the same cable to a computer gives you CAT control. Check the PD profile of your power bank before you leave — 15 V 2 A is required, otherwise charging will not start. (community-reported)
7.3.1 Field 头与 optima 主机接口对照 Connector Comparison: Field Head vs. optima
表 7-5 两机接口对照 Table 7-5 Connector comparison between the two units
接口 FTX-1 Field(控制头) FTX-1 optima(主机)
HF/50 MHz 天线 ANT (HF/50MHz),BNC 型,50 欧姆 ANT 1 / ANT 2 (HF/50MHz),M 型,50 欧姆
144/430 MHz 天线 ANT (144/430MHz),BNC 型,50 欧姆 ANT (144/430MHz),M 型,50 欧姆
DC 13.8V,随附直流线(白黑相间为正 直流电源 DC 13.8V,需电源可提供至少 25 A @13.8 VDC 极)
外接扬声器 EXT SPKR,3.5 mm、2 触点 EXT SPKR,3.5 mm、2 触点,插座阻抗 4~8 欧姆
TUNER/LINEAR,10 针,含 BAND A~D 天调 / 放大器 TUNER,接选件 FC-40 频段数据
接地 GND 端子 GND 端子
侧面板:PHONE、KEY、MIC(8 针)、 话筒 / 耳机 / 电键 GPS、USB Type-C、Bluetooth、 本项目该侧接口位于 Field 头,主机背板不重复提供 microSD
7-4 Grounding · 接地
为防止雷击、大气放电、触电等造成损坏,必须设置良好 To prevent damage from lightning, atmospheric electrical 的大地接地。请使用短而粗的编织线,把电台设备连接到 discharges, electric shock etc., provide a good earth 埋地接地棒(或其他接地系统)。 ground. Use a short, thick, braided cable to connect the station equipment to the buried ground rod (or alternative earth ground system).
注意 NOTE
FTX-1 Field 与 optima 主机各自都有 GND 端子。使用分体配置时,两台设备的接地应汇接到同一接地点,避免形成接地回 路。 Both the FTX-1 Field and the optima main body provide their own GND terminal. When used as separate units, bond both to the same earth point to avoid a ground loop.
HAM 实战 · 技术提示 FIELD NOTE
接了外接线性放大器或 FC-40 天调时,最容易被忽略的是“信号地”:Field 头的 [EXT SPKR] 插座带 SIGNAL GND,接外部 设备时把这根地线一起接好,可以明显降低射频反馈引起的啸叫与键控乱跳。(社区经验) When you connect a linear amplifier or an FC-40 tuner, the signal ground is the item most often forgotten: the [EXT SPKR] jack on the Field head carries SIGNAL GND, and bonding that line to the external equipment noticeably reduces RF-feedback howl and erratic keying. (community-reported)