E1A11. What licensing is required when operating an amateur station aboard a US-registered vessel in international waters?
在美国登记船舶的国际水域上操作业余电台需要何种执照?
Any amateur license with an FCC Marine or Aircraft endorsement任何带 FCC 船舶或航空背书的业余执照
Any FCC-issued amateur license任何 FCC 颁发的业余执照
Only General class or higher amateur licenses仅 General 级及以上业余执照
An unrestricted Radiotelephone Operator Permit无限制无线电话操作员许可证
Explanation · 解析
在国际水域的美国籍船舶上,任何 FCC 业余执照持有者均可操作(97.5),无需额外船舶/航空背书。
Exam tips · 考试提示
• 中美差异:美国船舶业余台不强制额外 endorsements。• 实际应用:邮轮/游艇上常设业余台,持证即可在批准下操作。
E1B01. Which of the following constitutes a spurious emission?
下列哪项构成杂散发射(spurious emission)?
An amateur station transmission made without the proper call sign identification未正确发送呼号识别的业余台发射
A signal transmitted to prevent its detection by any station other than the intended recipient为防被非预期收信方侦测而发射的信号
Any transmitted signal that unintentionally interferes with another licensed radio station and whose levels exceed 40 dB below the fundamental power level任何无意干扰另一持证电台、且电平超过基波功率 40 dB 以下的发射
An emission outside the signal’s necessary bandwidth that can be reduced or eliminated without affecting the information transmitted在信号必要带宽之外、且可在不影响所传信息前提下减弱或消除的发射
Explanation · 解析
杂散发射指必要带宽之外、可减弱而不影响信息的发射(97.3 定义),如谐波、寄生辐射。
Exam tips · 考试提示
• 中国对应:中国《业余无线电台管理办法》要求设备符合型号核准与杂散限值。• 易错点:把“未发识别”或“故意干扰”误当杂散发射。• 实际应用:用低通滤波/屏蔽减小谐波与杂散。
E1B02. Which of the following is an acceptable bandwidth for digital voice or slow-scan TV transmissions made on the HF amateur bands?
在 HF 业余波段上进行数字话音或慢扫描电视(SSTV)发射,可接受的带宽是多少?
3 kHz3 kHz
10 kHz10 kHz
15 kHz15 kHz
20 kHz20 kHz
Explanation · 解析
HF 上数字话音/SSTV 应限制在约 3 kHz 必要带宽内(97.307(f)(2)),与话音相当。
Exam tips · 考试提示
• 中国对应:中国 HF 数字模式同样受必要带宽约束。• 易错点:误以为数字模式可用更宽带宽。• 实际应用:SSTV 常用 3 kHz 内,避免占宽挤占相邻频率。
E1B03. Within what distance must an amateur station protect an FCC monitoring facility from harmful interference?
业余台须在距 FCC 监测设施多近范围内避免有害干扰?
1 mile1 英里
3 miles3 英里
10 miles10 英里
30 miles30 英里
Explanation · 解析
业余台须在 FCC 监测设施 1 英里范围内保护其免受有害干扰(97.13)。
Exam tips · 考试提示
• 中国对应:中国对监测/无线电管理设施周边有保护要求。• 实际应用:靠近监测站应降低功率或调整天线方向。
E1B04. What must the control operator of a repeater operating in the 70-centimeter band do if a radiolocation system experiences interference from that repeater?
70 厘米波段中继台若对无线电定位系统造成干扰,其控制操作员必须怎么做?
Reduce the repeater antenna HAAT (Height Above Average Terrain)降低中继天线 HAAT(平均地面以上高度)
File an FAA NOTAM (Notice to Air Missions) with the repeater system's ERP, call sign, and six-character grid locator向 FAA 提交 NOTAM,含 ERP、呼号、六字符网格
Cease operation or make changes to the repeater that mitigate the interference停止操作或对中继做消除干扰的改动
All these choices are correct以上都对
Explanation · 解析
70 cm 中继干扰无线电定位业务时,控制操作员须消除干扰(停台或改动)(97.303(b))。
Exam tips · 考试提示
• 中国对应:中国对业余业务与无线电定位等其他业务间干扰有协调规定。• 实际应用:70 cm 与部分雷达/定位邻近,注意邻频防护。
E1B05. What is the National Radio Quiet Zone?
什么是国家无线电静区(National Radio Quiet Zone)?
An area surrounding the FCC monitoring station in Laurel, Maryland环绕马里兰州劳雷尔 FCC 监测站的区域
An area in New Mexico surrounding the White Sands Test Area环绕新墨西哥白沙试验区的区域
An area surrounding the National Radio Astronomy Observatory环绕国家射电天文台的区域
An area in Florida surrounding Cape Canaveral环绕佛罗里达卡纳维拉尔角的区域
Explanation · 解析
国家无线电静区环绕国家射电天文台(NRAO,西弗吉尼亚附近),限制无线电发射以保护天文观测(97.3 等相关)。
Exam tips · 考试提示
• 中国对应:中国有射电天文观测站周边的电磁环境保护规定。• 实际应用:静区内业余发射受严格限制。
E1B06. Which of the following additional rules apply if you are erecting an amateur station antenna structure at a site at or near a public use airport?
在公共机场附近或邻近地点架设业余天线塔,还需遵守什么附加规则?
You may have to notify the Federal Aviation Administration and register it with the FCC as required by Part 17 of the FCC rules可能须按 FCC Part 17 通知 FAA 并向 FCC 登记
You may have to enter the height above ground in meters, and the latitude and longitude in degrees, minutes, and seconds on the FAA website可能须在 FAA 网站填报地面高度(米)与经纬度
You must file an Environmental Impact Statement with the EPA before construction begins施工前须向 EPA 提交环境影响报告书
You must obtain a construction permit from the airport zoning authority per Part 119 of the FAA regulations须按 FAA Part 119 从机场 zoning 当局获取施工许可
Explanation · 解析
机场附近天线结构须按 Part 17 通知 FAA 并向FCC 登记(97.15)。
Exam tips · 考试提示
• 中国对应:中国机场净空保护区内限制天线/铁塔高度。• 易错点:误以为只需本地 zoning 审批。• 实际应用:高楼/铁塔临近机场须查净空与航空障碍灯要求。
E1B07. To what type of regulations does PRB-1 apply?
PRB-1 适用于哪类法规?
Homeowners associations业主协会
FAA tower height limitsFAA 塔高限制
State and local zoning州与地方 zoning(区划)
Use of wireless devices in vehicles车辆中使用无线设备
Explanation · 解析
PRB-1 是 FCC 关于州及地方 zoning 须合理容纳业余天线的规定(97.15 相关)。
Exam tips · 考试提示
• 中国对应:中国小区/物业对天线架设常有限制,但法规和应急需求可据理争取。• 实际应用:被物业阻挠时可援引合理安置原则与应急通信价值。
E1B08. What limitations may the FCC place on an amateur station if its signal causes interference to domestic broadcast reception, assuming that the receivers involved are of good engineering design?
若业余台信号对国内广播接收造成干扰(假设接收机工程设计良好),FCC 可对其施加什么限制?
The amateur station must cease operation必须停止操作
The amateur station must cease operation on all frequencies below 30 MHz须停止 30 MHz 以下所有频率操作
The amateur station must cease operation on all frequencies above 30 MHz须停止 30 MHz 以上所有频率操作
The amateur station must avoid transmitting during certain hours on frequencies that cause the interference须在造成干扰的某些频率、某些时段避免发射
Explanation · 解析
FCC 可要求业余台在造成干扰的时段/频率避免发射,而非一律停台(97.121)。
Exam tips · 考试提示
• 中国对应:中国对业余台与广播接收干扰有协调处理。• 实际应用:遇到广播邻频干扰可错时/错频或改善滤波。
E1B09. Which amateur stations may be operated under RACES rules?
哪些业余台可按 RACES 规则操作?
Only those club stations licensed to Amateur Extra class operators仅指配给 Extra 级操作员的俱乐部台
Any FCC-licensed amateur station except a Technician class任何 FCC 业余执照台(Technician 除外)
Any FCC-licensed amateur station certified by the responsible civil defense organization for the area served任何经当地民防组织认证、服务该地区的 FCC 业余执照台
Only stations meeting the FCC Part 97 technical standards for operation during an emergency仅符合 Part 97 应急技术标准的台
Explanation · 解析
RACES 台须由负责民防组织认证(97.407),用于应急通信。
Exam tips · 考试提示
• 中国对应:中国应急通信(如 ARES/CRAC 应急)有类似组织认证机制。• 易错点:RACES 需民防认证,非任何执照自动可用。• 实际应用:加入本地应急通信网需先认证。